Al-Fatiha:
"Al-Fatiha" ka matlab hai "khulne wali" ya "Agaaz Karne wali", kyu ki ye Qur'an ki pehli Surah hai. Is surah me Allah ki Hamd-o-sana, bandagi aur dua ka Mukammal Khulasa hai.
Nuzool:
Surah Al-fatiha Makka me nazil hui, aur ye ibtidaai wahi me shamil thi. Hazrat Jibraeel Alaihissalam Ne Nabi-e-kareem ï·º ko Is Surah Ki Taleem Di.
Nabi-e-kareem ï·º ne farmaya: "Alhamdo Lillahi Rabbil Aalameen" (Surah Al-fatiha) Qur'an ki Sabse Azeem Surah Hai.
(Sahih Bukhari 4474)
Nabi ï·º ne is hadees me surah Al-fatiha ki Ahmiyat ko wazeh kiya hai aur bataya ke ye Qur'an ki sabse Azeem Surah hai.
Surah Al-fatiha ko "Umm-ul-Quran"(Qur'an ki MAA) kaha gaya hai, kyu ke Ye Qur'an ke tamam ma'ani Aur maqasid Ka khulasa hai. Har Hadees aur Qur'an ki taleem ka madaar Allah ki Tauheed, ibadat aur Dua par hai, jo Surah Al-fatiha me samjhaya gaya hai.
Surah Al-fatiha ki ibtida hi Allah ki Tareef aur Shukr Ke sath Hoti hai. Ye Surah Qur'an ki buniyad hai.
Name:
Ye Qur'an ki pehli Surah hai, aur Qur'an ka Darwaza Kholti hai. Is surah ko "Sub'ul-Mathani" (Baar-baar Dohrai Jane wali Ayeten) bhi kaha Gaya Hai. Kyu ki ye Har Namaz Me Parhi jati hai.
Allah ï·» ne farmaya: yaqinan Humne Apko Saat Ayaten Di hai, wo dohrai jati hai, Aur Azeem Qur'an bhi diya hai.
(Surah Hijr 87)
Is ayat se Wazeh hota hai ke Surah Al-fatiha 7 ayato par mushtamil hai, is Surah ko "Al-Mathani" kaha gaya hai, kyu ke ye har namaz ki har takat me baar-baar parhi jati hai.
Fayde:
Ye Surah Insan ko Allah se Seedhe Raste ki dua karne Ka Sha'oor Deti hai.
Hazrat Abu Sayeed khudri رضي se rivayat hai, unhone Surah Al-fatiha parh kar ek mareez par Dum Kiya aur Allah ke Huqum Se Wo Shifa-Yaab Ho Gaya.
Nabi ï·º ne farmaya: Tumhe kaise Pata Chala Ke Surah Al-fatiha "Dum" hai?
(Sahih Bukhari 5736)
Surah Al-fatiha ko "Shifa" ke liye istimal karna mashoor sunnat hai. Jo ki Dum ke zariye hota hai. Nabi-e-kareem ﷺ ne Abu Sayeed khudri رضي ke Dum karne wale amal ki tasdeeq ki, aur Pucha ke Unhe kaise pata chala ke Isme Shifa hai. Tr ake unke yaqeen Aur Ilm ko Barhaya ja sake.
Iska matlab ye tha ke surah Al-fatiha ko Dum ke liye istimal karte waqt insan ko apne yaqeen ka pata hona chahiye.
Ye Surah Namaz ki Har Rakat me Parhi Jati hai, aur Isko Parhe Bagair Namaz Mukammal Nahi hoti.
Nabi-e-kareem ï·º ne farmaya: Jis shaks ne Surah Al-fatiha Nahi Parhi uski Namaz nahi hui.
(Sahih Bukhari 756)
Surah Al-fatiha ho Namaz ki Har Rakat me parhna farz hai. Agar kisi Shaks Ne namaz me surah Al-fatiha nahi parhi, to uski namaz invalid (ghalat) samjhi jaygi. Aur wo complete nahi hoti.
Ye surah Hume sikhati hai ke ibadat Sirf Allah ki karni Chahiye, aur Madad Sirf Allah se mangni chahiye.
Ye Surah Insan ko shaitan ke waswaso aur Gumrahi se Bachne Ki Dua Sikhati hai.
NOTE:
Surah Al-fatiha Qur'an ka khulasa aur Har musalman ki rozmarra zindagi ka hissa hai. Ye Allah se Talluk Mazbut karne, Dua karne Aur Hidayat Pane ka sabse Azeem Zariya hai.
Iski fazilate, barkate aur Hiqmat Qur'an aur Hadees se Sabit hai.