Iman Ke Darjaat Aur Allah Ki Rehmat – Sahih Bukhari 44 Ki Tafseer

 Qasam Allah ki jub hasan bin Ali رضي (muawiya رضي ke muqable me) pahado jaisa lashkar lekar pohche, to amr bin Aas رضي الله أن ne kaha (jo muawiya رضي ke musheer khaas the) ke main aisa lashkar dekh raha hun jo apne muqabil ko nist-o-nabood kiye bagair wapas na jayga. Muawiya رضي ne kaha aur Qasam Allah ki, wo in dono ashaab me zyada achche the, ke aye amr! Agar is lashkar ne us lashkar ko Qatal kar diya, ya usne isko kar diya, to Allah ki bargah me logo ke umoor ki jawab degi ke liye mere sath kon zimmedar hoga? Logo ki bewa aurto ki khabar giri ke silsile me mere sath kon zimmedar hoga? Logo ki aulad ke silsile me mere sath kon zimmedar hoga?

Akhir muawiya رضي ne Hasan رضي الله أن ke yahan quraishi ki Shaakh Banu Abd shams ke do Admi bheje: Abdurrahman bin samra aur Abdullah bin Aamir bin kariz. Aap ne un dono se farmaya ke hasan bin Ali رضي ke yahan jao aur unke samne sulah pesh karo, unse is par guftagu karo aur faisla unko marzi par chhod do. Chunanche ye log aaye aur aapse guftagu ki aur faisla aap hi ki marzi par chhod diya. 

Hasan bin Ali رضي ne farmaya: hum banu Abdul muttalib ki aulad hai aur humko khilafat ki wajah se rupiya paisa kharch karne ki aadat ho gai hai aur hamare sath ye log hain, ye khoon kharaba karne me taaq hain, bagair rupiya diye maanne wale nahi. Wo kehne lage Hazrat amir-e-muawiya رضي الله أن aap ko itna rupiya dene par razi hai, aur apse sulah chahte hai. Faisla aap ki marzi par chhoda hai aur aap se puchha hai. Hazrat hasan رضي ne farmaya ke iski zimmedari kon lega? Un dono qasidon ne kaha ke hum iske zimmedar hain. Hazrat hasan رضي ne jis cheez ke mutallik bhi puchha, to unhone yahi kaha ke hum iske zimmedar hai. 

Aakhir aap ne sulah kar li, fir farmaya ke maine hazrat abu bakra رضي الله أن se suna tha, wo bayan karte the ke maine RasoolAllah ﷺ ko mimbar par ye farmate huwe suna hai Aur hasan bin Ali رضي aap ﷺ ke pehlu me the, Aap ﷺ kabhi logo ki taraf mutawajje hote to kabhi hasan رضي ki taraf aur farmate: mera ye beta sardar hai Aur shayad iske zariye Allah musalmano ke do Azeem giroh me sulah karaye. 

(Sahih Bukhari 2704)

Ye hadees kai Aiham Nukaat ko ujagar karti hai. 

(1)

Qasam Allah ki jub hasan bin Ali رضي (muawiya رضي ke muqable me) pahado jaisa lashkar lekar pohche, to amr bin Aas رضي الله أن ne kaha (jo muawiya رضي ke musheer khaas the) ke main aisa lashkar dekh raha hun jo apne muqabil ko nist-o-nabood kiye bagair wapas na jayga:

1. Ye wo waqt tha jub Hazrat Ali رضي ki shahadat ke baad hazrat hasan رضي ko khilafat mili. Aap ne kareeban 6 mahina khilafat ki. 
2. Hazrat muawiya رضي ki taraf se khilafat ka dawa tha, aur dono Taraf Laskar Jama ho gaye. 
3. Hazrat hasan رضي ke lashkar ko pahadon jaisa kehna unki takat aur jung ki tayyari ko Zahir karta hai. 
4. Amr bin Aas رضي jo muawiya رضي ke musheer khaas se the, unhone hasan رضي ke lashkar ko mazbut aur na-Qabile shikast karar diya. 

(2)

Muawiya رضي ne kaha aur Qasam Allah ki, wo in dono ashaab me zyada achche the, ke aye amr! Agar is lashkar ne us lashkar ko Qatal kar diya, ya usne isko kar diya, to Allah ki bargah me logo ke umoor ki jawab degi ke liye mere sath kon zimmedar hoga? Logo ki bewa aurto ki khabar giri ke silsile me mere sath kon zimmedar hoga? Logo ki aulad ke silsile me mere sath kon zimmedar hoga?:

1. Hazrat muawiya رضي ki is guftagu se unki hikmat aur ummat ke muamle firk Zahir hoti hai. 
2. Aap ko andaza tha ke agar jung hui to musalman ek dusre ka khoon nahayenge, jiska nuksan sirf ummat ko hoga. 
3. Hazrat muawiya رضي ki ye baat unki door andeshi aur ummat ke ijtimai mafad ke liye unki Tarjih ko Zahir karti hai. 

(3)

Akhir muawiya رضي ne Hasan رضي الله أن ke yahan quraishi ki Shaakh Banu Abd shams ke do Admi bheje: Abdurrahman bin samra aur Abdullah bin Aamir bin kariz. Aap ne un dono se farmaya ke hasan bin Ali رضي ke yahan jao aur unke samne sulah pesh karo, unse is par guftagu karo aur faisla unko marzi par chhod do:

1. Hazrat muawiya رضي ne bani Abd shams ke do mu-tabar afraad ko qasid Banakar hasan رضي ke paas bheja take sulah ki Taweez pesh ki ja sake. 
2. Is amal se Zahir hota hai ke hazrat muawiya رضي jung se gurez aur sulah ko tarjih dete the. 

(4)

Hasan bin Ali رضي ne farmaya: hum banu Abdul muttalib ki aulad hai aur humko khilafat ki wajah se rupiya paisa kharch karne ki aadat ho gai hai aur hamare sath ye log hain, ye khoon kharaba karne me taaq hain, bagair rupiya diye maanne wale nahi: 

1. Hazrat hasan رضي ne Apne khandan ka zikr is liye kiya kyu ki banu Abdul muttalib ka muqaam Quraish aur Arab qabilo me nihayat buland tha. 
2. Ye bayan unki is baat ki taraf ishara karta hai ke unka khandan hamesha leadership aur qurbani ke liye mashhoor raha hai. 
3. Khilafat ek aisi zimmedari thi jo logo ki behtari aur unki zarurat ko pura karne ka takaza karti thi. Hasan رضي الله أن ka bayan ye Zahir karta hai ke wo apni zimmedariyan samajhte the aur logo ke liye apna maal kharch karte the. 
4. Hasan رضي ke lashkar me moujood log jung aur Qatl-o-garat me mahir the. Aur wo Afraad sirf maal ke lalach ya jazbati sabab se jung ke liye Tayyar hai. Agar unko khilafat ya sulah ke liye razi karna hai, to unka ek maali muamla hal karna zaruri hai. 
5. Aap ko pata tha ke lashkar ke kuchh afraad jung ke jazbaat se labrez hai, lekin unko sulah ke liye raazi karne ke liye unki maali zarurat puri karni hogi. 
6. Ye bayan ek prectical soch ki numayndagi karta hai jo jung ke nuksan ko samajh kar sulah ko tarjih deta hai. 

(5)

fir farmaya ke maine hazrat abu bakra رضي الله أن se suna tha, wo bayan karte the ke maine RasoolAllah ﷺ ko mimbar par ye farmate huwe suna hai Aur hasan bin Ali رضي aap ﷺ ke pehlu me the, Aap ﷺ kabhi logo ki taraf mutawajje hote to kabhi hasan رضي ki taraf aur farmate: mera ye beta sardar hai Aur shayad iske zariye Allah musalmano ke do Azeem giroh me sulah karaye:

1. Ye nabi-e-kareem ﷺ ki hadees Hazrat hasan رضي ke bare me peshan goi par mabni hai jo apke sulah karne ke zariye puri hui. 
2. Aap ﷺ ne farmaya tha ke hazrat hasan رضي sardar hai aur unke zariye ummat ke do musalman giroh ke darmiyan sulah hogi. 
3. Is sulah ke natije me ummat ka ittehad mumkin hua, aur badi khoonrezi se bacha gaya. 

Yahan ye hadees mukammal hoti hai.

Lekin is hadees par sawal ye hote hai ke ye nobat kyu aai ke hazrat hasan رضي ko hazrat muawiya رضي se jung karen ke liye lashkar Tayyar karna pada?

Is sawal ke jawab ko samajhne ke liye pure pasemanzar ko samajhna bohot zaruri hai. Pasemanzar par thodi si roshni dalte hai take ye muamla sahi ho jaye. 

Hazrat Ali رضي ki khilafat ke dauran ummat ko kai fitne aur Mushkilat ka samna raha, jinme sabse bade waqiyat "Jung-e-jamal aur Jung-e-siffeen" hain. 

In jungo ke dauran musalmano (Sahaba-e-kiram رضي) ke darmiyan ikhtilafat shiddat ikhtiyar kar gaye the kuch Log Hazrat Ali رضي ke hami the to kuch muawiya رضي الله أن ke. 

Hazrat Ali رضي ki shahadat ke baad, hazrat hasan رضي ko khilafat mili, lekin ummat in ikhtilafat se bahar nahi nikli thi. 

Jung-e-jamal me hazrat Ayesha رضي sulah chahti thi, lekin gumar logo ne Jung shuru kardi. (Tarikh-al-tabari, vol 3. P-488-512)

Hazrat Ali رضي ko 40 hijri 17 Ramzan ko Ibn-e-muljim ne shaheed kiya. (Al-mustadrak Hakim 4588)

Qasas-e-Usman رضي Allah عنہ ka Masla:

Hazrat Usman رضي الله أن ki shahadat ke baad unke Qatilo ko saza dena ek bada masla ban gaya tha. 

Hazrat muawiya رضي jo (hazrat usman رضي ke karibi rishtedar the) ka mokuf tha ke Qatilo ko foran saza di jaye. 

Dusri taraf hazrat ali رضي aur unke sathiyo ka kehna tha ke pehle ummat me Aman bahaal kiya jaye, fir Qasas ka muamla hal kiya jaye. 

Ye ikhtilaf hazrat ali رضي ki zindagi me shuru hua aur hazrat hasan رضي ke daur me bhi jari raha. 

(Al-Bidaya wa'l-Nihaya by Ibn Kathir, Vol. 7, Pages 204-210)

(Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 3, Pages 477-483.)

(Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi, Vol. 8, Page 127)

Arab muashra us waqt Qabaili nizam par mabni tha. Har qabila apne mudadat ko tarjih deta tha. Jo siyasi taqseem ka sabab bana. 

Shaam' jahan hazrat muawiya رضي ka asar tha, zyada mustahkam aur munazzam tha. Wahan ke log hazrat muawiya رضي ke sath mazbuti se khade the. 

Aur iraq' Hasan رضي الله أن ka markaz) daalhili intishaar ka shikar tha. Qabaili tassub aur siyasi madadat ne is ikhtilaf ko aur bhi gehra kar diya. 

Hazrat hasan رضي ki khilafat 6 mahina jari rahi. Aap ke paas waqt kam tha, aur ummat ke darmiyan jo taqseem thi, use mukammal tor par khatm kar sake. Hazrat muawiya رضي jung ki bajaye sulah ko tarjih dete the. Kyu ke wo ummat ke mafad aur khoonrezi se bachne ke liye fikar mand the. 

Hazrat Muawiya رضي اللہ عنہ ne Hazrat Hasan رضي اللہ عنہ ke paas qasid bheje aur sulah ki tajweez pesh ki. Hazrat Hasan رضي اللہ عنہ ne jang ke bajaye sulah ka faisla kiya, kyunke aap khoonrezi aur ummat ke mazid taqseem se bachna chahte the. Yeh faisla Nabi Kareem ﷺ ki is paish goi ka mazhar tha. Jo ki is hadees ka hissa hai. 

Is masle par ek Hadees likh kar khatm karta hun. 

Nabi-e-kareem ﷺ ne farmaya: Allah se daro, Allah se daro mere sahaba رضي ke muamle me, Allah se daro Allah se daro, mere sahaba رضي ke muamle me, aur mere baad in par malamat na karna, jo inse mohabbat karega wo mujhse mohabbat ki wajah se, jo inse bughz rakhega wo mujhse bughz ki wajah se, jisne mere sahaba رضي ko takleef di usne mujhe takleef di, aur jisne mujhe takleef di usne Allah ko takleef di. Aur jisne Allah ko takleef di kareeb hai ke wo use apni Giraftar me Lele. 

(Tirmizi 3862)